The conventional drug delivery system uses traditional methods for delivery of drugs. The main conventional drug delivery systems include oral, rectal, intramuscular, buccal or sublingual, and intravenous.
Oral delivery: This system is convenient while administering with precise calculation of dosage and are cheap in price, but it carries the demerits of irregular form of absorption and low level of solubility. The examples of oral delivery are capsules, suspensions, and tablets.
Buccal or sublingual delivery: This method includes chewing of gums and tablets. While it allows quick absorption and low level of enzymatic action, it could result in loss of effect in case of swallowing.
Rectal delivery: A well-known bypass first pass metabolism, it is helpful in case of children. However, it could result in discomfort and deprivation due to bacterial matter.
Intravenous delivery: While this is available in bio-form and also elicits rapid bodily response, it could result in toxic reaction in case of incorrect dosage and is also invasive.
Subcutaneous delivery: This method is well-known for its gradual and total incorporation. However, it is invasive in nature and could lead to inflammation with the maximum amount of dosage limited to 2 mL.
Intramuscular delivery: The patients can direct the drug on their own and this also allows higher volume of administration than the previous method. However, this could require training to a certain extent and could result in irritation or swelling in case of any issues.
For the first time, researchers at King’s College in London proved the capacity to administer a dried-live vaccine without the use of classical needles. This new discovery involves the use of silicone mould allowing the generation of micro-needle assortment composed of sugar which diffuse when place into the skin.
The novel drug delivery system refers to the use of latest technological methods for administration of drugs. These systems allow for release of drugs that are targeted to the site with most satisfactory delivery along with the merit of multi-doses. The patient also undergoes the least side-effects.
Aerosols: Aerosol materials refer to stabilized suspension of solid material and liquid drops in the form of gas. The three major types of aerosols are nebulizers, dry-powder inhalers (DPI), and metered-dose inhalers (MDI).
Transdermal drug delivery: Primarily the introduction of drugs through the skin threshold, transdermal drug delivery involves the systematized movement of drugs at a pre-determined pace.
The main advantages of this method include its helpful role in cases where the administered drugs require to be broken down using the stomach acid. Apart from being noninvasive and painless, they also allow firm delivery of medication for prolonged periods.
Succeeded by the recent nanoemulsions, the latter refer to nano-sized emulsions which are assembled for improved administration of drugs.
Modes of drug delivery
Modes of drug delivery
Drug delivery refers to the system through which a pharmaceutical compound is administered to the human body, aimed at establishing the targeted medicinal effects. The method of drug delivery is determined on the basis of the quantity and duration of the presence of drug. There are broadly two types of drug delivery systems, namely conventional and novel.
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